Cons of online media:

•  Only have 140 characters to tell the story - like on twitter 
• Inaccurate and you will have lots of facts missing 
• journalistic integrity can be compromised - can't trust a source too much as all journalists have their own opinion 
• Amateur reporters putting themselves or others in harm's way to get the scoop - too many reporters harassing celebrities for photos 

The Guardian-

the guardian is the second most popular newspaper and the 4th most famous. The Guardian is described as intelligent, interesting, informative and was well written for politics

Daily Mail-

 is the 4th most popular newspaper and the most famous. Daily Mail is described by fans as in touch with ordinary people, informative, interesting and stand up for ordinary people.

Fix - addicted to news, need a 'fix'

Track - Accesses new regularly throughout the day to keep up to date

Fill - Is a commuter, uses it as a past time when traveling to work or has free time

Indulge - Make time to enjoy the news as a break from everything else in the day

Invest - read the news regularly to get an in-depth perspective on stories

Millennials -are more likely to adopt the fix and fill habits while boomers have more time to adopt the indulge and investing habits. these are people aged 30+

Boomers - 6pm news BBC, channel 4 has 7pm news (much more in depth), 10pm BBC news 

Why have print newspaper sales declined

  Newspapers have been in decline ever since the media was introduced, due to the media people spend most of their time on the social network as well as many other things. The newspaper companies have seen a gap in the market to generate even more publicity as well as brand awareness and have made a website where the public can go on and read the online articles. This has made the hard copy newspaper sales decrease as the public would be able to go on their phones or mobile devices and read the articles where ever they are at the time. This would be a benefit for their customers as they would also have the advantage of not paying for the paper as the website allows you to read the articles without paying whereas you would have to pay if you buy the print newspapers. But this is a disadvantage for the print companies as the sales have been decreasing each year due to the public not buying them.

Over the years many newspaper companies have either suffered or closed due to the lack of sales and income from the papers. The media is a big problem for the print newspapers as this is the biggest competition that they have to go up against, the media would result in them losing revenue which could lead to them going bust and failing.

The online newspaper website allows quicker up to date information on articles, this also allows the public to discuss with each other in the comments. They would be able to express their feelings with each other on each individual article and see what other people’s thoughts are.

The media would allow people to read the articles that they want to read whereas if the customer purchases a newspaper, they are limited on the news they can read. This would also benefit the companies that run the papers as the front cover would mostly determine which paper they would purchase. Such as if they had a less interesting front cover the public would choose a different brand as they would prefer to read something that interests them.

Most of the customers that read hard copy are the older generation this would affect the newspaper's sales due to the new and upcoming generation aren’t interested in reading the news. The middle and younger generation are more interested in reading magazines as they publish celebrity gossip and more human-interest topics that they would find interesting. Whereas newspapers publish more intellectual subjects that most aged 50 and over would find intriguing as they are the average age that reads newspapers.

The recent statistics show that less than 40% of adults who read Print newspapers are under 50, and less than 25% of Online Only readers are 50 or older. This shows that the older generation still purchases the hard copy newspapers but don’t read the online articles whereas it’s the opposite to the average middle aged as they don’t purchase the hard copy but they read the online articles that the papers publish. 

comparison between the guardian and daily mail

• Look at the Guardian website/Daily Mail website and compare top five stories on each home page.

The top five stories on each home page are different due to the information as well as the different target markets. The Guardian as a higher aged target market compared to the daily mail as this also aims to publish the realist stories whereas the daily mail audience targets people that enjoy celeb gossip. The guardian targets the audience that includes ABC1 which are more intellectual and wouldn't enjoy celeb gossip.

• As you scroll down the websites, are there any articles on the same stories?

In the Guardian, they have many stories on Brexit whereas the daily mail has multiple stories on celeb gossip. Both had stories on Brexit today but with different views, the Guardian published a story about how the country would fail if Brexit happens and the daily mail, however, wrote about how if Brexit happens this would lead to the country taking a step to becoming a better country.

• When you find two of the same stories compare.

The daily mail and the guardian both have stories on Brexit and they also have different views and the daily mail are for Brexit and the guardian are against.
They both publish their views no matter what the public think, they are both strong views.

• Then copy and paste some of the reader comments and reflect on what it says about them.

Daily mail-

Mother-of-two left seconds from death when she bit into a British Airways wrap that she didn't know contained sesame seeds after teen girl died eating a Pret a Manger sandwich on the same airline

If you have an allergy like this you're in the minority, therefore you have to take precautions when choosing what you eat Companies can't cater for 1 in a million

• Then look on social media and see what they have prioritized to post/reflect on reader comments there also.

Online the daily mail talks about greenhouse gasses on there twitter warning the public about this but there is no news on the Brexit or any politics. 

The guardian talks about Jeremy Corbin who is speaking about how the government are unrealistic. 

Both of these are different from one another and shows how The Guardian focuses on politics and the Daily Mail focuses on the gossip and celebs. 

The Guardian news values and target audience

How do they sell their products to advertisers?Who do they claim to be? Who are they targeting?

The Guardian sells their products in local shops that as well as the big shopping markets, this would apply to their target market due to them having a target market of middle-aged men. 

The Guardian claims to be a broadsheet newspaper company that advertises specific news that interests their target market, they also claim to not seek money from their papers they only aim to publish the news.

The Guardian targets an educated, middle-class, left-leaning, 18+ audience that would be interested in the type of news they advertise.  

newspaper industries

1 .   I believe that the aggregate advertising expenditure and net circulation figures equate to about half of their 2007 due to the technological advancement within the world the demand for the news digitally online is increasing. Therefore this is resulting in the decrease in hard copy's of news and sales, as customers believe that reading news is easier and more straight forward for the current population. 


2.   The Audit Bureau of Circulations (UK) is a non profit organisation owned and developed by the media industry. ABC delivers industry-agreed standards for media brand measurement of print publications, digital channels and events. 

3. Personally i believe that Sunday newspapers sell vastly as more people have free time and are usually not working therefore are in a tradition of purchasing a newspaper every Sunday. 

4.   The leading broadsheet is Daily telegraph is the leading tabloid is the sun and the leading mid market is The daily mail All these newspapers used various pictures/headlines/content to help entice the audience leading to a vast audience...

5. The guardian and the daily mail have different positions as the guardian is more realistic is shown to be the second most popular paper, but most popular mid market! Where as, the Guardian is shown to be towards the lower ends of the scale this could be due to the niche audience that is appealing to the paper, the daily mail is a  mid market therefore is has broadsheet and tabloid aspects therefore is will have a vast audience from both 
community's.

6.  The Guardian Media group is owned by the Scott Trust, a private company whose core purpose is to ensure the financial and editorial independence of the Guardian, the papers values are to be honest, fair and bring integrity to the reader. This is therefore done by the independence of most news stories and ideas attracting a varied audience. This is shown through the investment of over £1 billion, then with most profits they reinvest into journalism to deliver the best quality news to the audience.

7.  Personally in terms of digital distribution I believe the most important brand identity has to be about the online websites, as many commuters and other people have technological devices such as laptops and tablets that may not be able to download the application therefore it is easier to access the internet. E.g people on work breaks are predominantly at computers or desk tops therefore it is easiest to view; as most works now ban the use of 
mobile phones within a certain block/building due to distraction.

8. The Uk newspapers appear to be the least trusted in Europe, according to research by the European Broadcasting Union. It carried out surveys of 1000 members of the public in each of 33 European countries for its Trust in Media report. The Uk by far the least trusted 'written press' of any European country.

9.  The Independent Press Standards Organisations are the regulators for most of the Uk's newspapers and magazines. They hold newspapers and magazines to account for their actions, protect individual rights, uphold high standards of journalism and maintain freedom of expression for the press. They make sure that member newspapers and magazines follow the editors code.

10.  Print display advertising revenue for the national UK newspapers has grown for the first time in more than seven years, according to a new report on ad expenditure. Display ads in national titles saw revenue growth of 1% year on year in the first quarter of 2018, putting it at a total of £152.6m for the period. Within tabloids print display advertising grew by 3% year on year.

comparision between mid market,tabloids and broadsheet

newspapers

There as four different types of printed newspapers they include:

-broadsheet ~the guardian

-tabloid ~the sun

-mid-market tabloids ~ the daily mail

-local newspapers ~ south London press



The fourth estate 
1. clergy

2. monarchy

3. wealthy business and upper class

4. newspaper

Subjective: Tabloid
Objective: Broadsheet

Different types of News:

• Soft: Weather, Celebrity gossip or fashion.

• Hard: Attacks, death, Politics, Science, War, Education, Health or World events.

George Gerbner theory

The repetition of images, stories etc, begin to shape our beliefs (dripping tap)

Representation: 

Teenagers: moody, spotty, lazy

Muslims: hijabs 

Gypsy's: caravans, fighting 

America: obese, loud 

Doctors: clever, smart 

Essex Girls: fake 

an example of gerbners theory is as follows. 

comparison of broadsheet and tabloid

The Daily Mail 

                                                                            The Guardian 

Comparison-
The Daily mail shows news that's happening within the public and more of a travesty story, whereas the guardian shows more of a political story as its about Brexit. They are both completely different story's as they attract different target audiences, such as the daily mail targets people with children as the women had five children and she died, this is more of a human interest story. Whereas the guardian has more of an older target audience as the story attracts people that follow political views. Both news articles show completely different story's that target different types of people.

Language-
The language used in both are completely different as in the tabloid it shows more of a dramatic story as this is about someone that has had a travesty happen and has died of the result. This also shows conflict and human interest as the public would want to read about what has happened and tell others. Whereas in the broadsheet this shows a more formal story and more serious. The guardian has more serious wording and more detailed descriptions, as well as the title.


Comments-
The tabloid shows comments about what people are feeling and shows their sympathy, whereas in the broadsheet they have a discussion of what their own opinions as this is a topic that people have big debates on. The Guardian comments have more of a formal discussion and the daily mail shows a different discussion as they are showing their emotion.

Technology, conventions and modern journalism

 https://www.bbc.com/bitesize/guides/zy4rfrd/revision/1

newspaper terminology

advantages and disadvantages of online news

advantages 

-easy accessible
-reaches more customers/more popular
-more interactive ~audience participation
- free to read~ daily mail, the sun, guardian (1m subscribers)
-daily telegraph, financial times, the times.
-live updates


disadvantages
-lack of data
-bad for environment
-pop ups are annoying
-distractions
-more in depth articles
 

fruitella advert

language

gate keeping- decisions has to be passed though someone


news value- scoring system

threshold- bigger impact and reach of the story

unexpectedness- event the shocks the ordinary

negativity- bad news is more interesting

elite persons/places- important people and powerful nations

unambiguous- easy to understand

personalisation- human interest 'real'

proximity- closer to home

continuity/currency- news that is already in the news but are continued. 

assessment 1A

language

Stereotypes= audience instantly understands them.

Archetypes= 'ultimate' stereotype

Counter type= representation that challenges tradition stereotypical associations of groups, people or places.

Dominant ideology-

-physical able

-white

-middle class

-christian
-male


Representation

• the way which people events and ideas are presented to the audience. 

Gatekeeper= person involved in media production with power to make a decision about something the audience are allowed to read hear or see. 

Dr cages 

D- disability 

R- regional identity 

C- class

A- age 

G-gender 

E- ethnicity 

S- sexuality 

language

lighting-

high key= Bright, happy, Sunday

low key =Dark, shadows

Natural= everyday lighting



3 main lighting 

fill light
back light
key light


chiaroscuro= light - dark




M- music

C- contractual/parallel- music opposite/right for the scene

D-Dietetic, non dietetic- sounds actors hear/ cant hear 

O- off screen- can hear but cant see

V- voice over

E- emotion

D- dialogue- how did they express their voice